Basic MSI doesn't support this, with an external UI handler it could be done.
The way I've done this is to have a SystemSearch set a property with the state of the prereq. Then I use the Condition table to default the feature to install or no action. Finally I put a check on the Next button of CustomSetup dialog that prevents going to the next dialog and throws a message telling the user that there is a problem when &SOMEFEATURE=3 And Not SOMETHINGINSTALED